Metallic fastener



Jan. 29, 1924.

H. ROSENBERG METALLIC FASTENER vFiled sept. 24. 1921 like parts toPatented Jan. 29, 1924-.

HEYMAN nosENBERG, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

METALLIC FAs'rENEn.

`Application led September 24, 192.1.` Serial No. 502,972.

.To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HEYMAN RosENERG,

a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Metallic Fasteners; and I do hereby declare thefollowing tobea full,clear, and exact description ofthe invention,suchas will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains tomake-and use the same. This invention relates to improvements infastening devices, and more particularly to the type of pins employedforsecuring together plates of metal.

The object in view is the provision of means for quickly and easily.vand yet effectively, securing name plates, metal tags, or the frame ofmachinery, or for securing together thin plates or sheets of metal, orfor securing' thin plates or sheet metal to heavier sections of metal. l

A further object is the provision of such a securing means adapted to-interlock with the engaged parts in a mannerto resist re' moval ofthesecuring means.

With these and further objects in View" as will in part and in part bestated, the invention comprises certain novel constructions,combinations and arrangements of parts as subse uently specified andclaimed.

n the accompanying drawings,-

Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in sectionshowing an embodiment of the present invention in the position of firstintroduction preparatory to being forced to its seat, the parts beingshown-on a greatly magnified scale.

Figure 2 is a similar view of the same after seating.

Figure 3 is a transverse section taken on the plane indicated by line3-3 o'f Figure 2, and looking downward.

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure .2, 'illustrating the connection oftwo sheets or thin plates of metal.

- Figure 5 is a fragmentary, vertical section taken on the planeindicated by line 5--5 of Figure 2.v

Figure 6 isa -view similar to Figure 2 of a slightly modifiedembodiment. j Figure 7 isa view similarto Figure-il of a further slight.modification, the parts shown on a somewhat reduced scale 'aperture 8 ofa being but still magnified beyond actual size.

hereinafter become apparent to that clearly wood screw in that -upon thehardened threads.

only a. comparatively slight distance about` the body of the pin 1 inthe course'of their length from the head 3 substantially to the otherend of the pin. The pin l extends beyond the ends ot' the threads 2 inthe forni of al smooth, cylindrical portion 4,'

pilot and also which serves as a guide or Flgure 5, the

as aY lock. As best seen inpilot 4 is of slightly greater diameter thanvthe diameter of thepin l at the places of the valleys or grooves whichappear between the threads 2, thus leaving a shoulder 5 at the upperterminus ofthe pilot 4 between the lower ends of each two of the threads2. The threads 2 are madeo hardened material so as to cut their way intoor through the substances -through which the pin 1 is passed, and forpurposesof convenience in manufacture, the. pin may be of case-hardenediron or steel so as to provide the requisite hardened cutting threads 2at a minimum cost of manufacture. Reference in the appended claimsto thefact that the threads are hardened will be readily understood byengineers and mechanics as directed defined .distinction uni'- versallyrecognized in the metal industry between hardened metal andsoft metal.Metal working tools are hardened in order to enable them to enter or cutthe same metal in its soft state', and the reference to the hardcnedthreads, therefore, is to be taken to mean that character or conditionof' the threads distinguishing threads offv thesoft iron of theconventional the hardened threads are able to 'cut or enter soft ironor. soft steel substantially without injury to or effect Hence, the

reference to the hardened condition of the them from the` The threads 2are threads in the appended claims is to be taken in each instance tosignify that degree of hardness enabling the threads to enter or Vcutmetahrsuch as soft iron and soft steel,

substantially without injury to the threads.-

In' applying the pin 1, Vafter the manner indicated in Figures l, 2 and3, a sheet 6 is to be secured to a plate 7 or other part of a machine,and the sheet 6 is formed with an diameter equal to or slightly largerthan the greatest distance between the cutting edges of opposite threads2, and the part 7 is drilled to form a bore 9 equal substantially to thediameter of the pilot 4.

The pin 1 is placed in posit-ion, as indicated in Figure 1, with thepilot 4 extending into the bore 9. The head 3 is then struck by a hammeror other suitable implement until the pin is driven to the positionindicated in Figure 2. During this driving action, the metal of the part7 will be severed by the several threads 2 and caused. to iow at theopposite sides'of said threads into the valleys therebetween and to aposition overhanging the shouldered portion 5 of pilot 4. Thus the metalof the part 7 is caused to effectively lock the pin 1 from beingwithdrawn. The frictional action of the metal engagingA the side wallsof the several threads 2 c o-operates in retaining the pin in its seatedposition. The pin rotates somewhat as it is being forced to its seat, asseen in Figure'2, corresponding to the degree of pitch of the threads 2.As the threads 2 extend angularly partway about the body of pin 1, thepin vis primarily a. screw, unctionlng in part as such but alsofunctioning asa rivet, the

pilot end being anchored by the interlock of materials as abovedescribed in lieu of being swaged up. into the form of a head.

In Figure 4, the securing means consists of the same parts abovedescribed and the lsame referencenumerals havebeen applied,

the pin l'in this instance, however, having been driven through thesheets or thin'plates 10, 10 for securing the same .together by thescrew-threads and interlocking action above. described. The lower plateV1()V is provided with an aperture corresponding to the bore 9 of thedevice seen in Figure 1, and the upper plate with the lar er opening sothat the cutting action of t e threads 2 occurs only relative to theplate 10. VThe location and function of the lpin is thus identical withthat above described, differing only in being applied to slightldiiferent material. Obviously, when the pi ot portion 4 of the pinprotrudesit may be swagedupunless excessive. case-hardening prevents.

In Figure 6, the structure shown is identical with that set forth inFigures 1 and 2and the same description will apply exceptthat the head 3is formed on the pin .1 which has the overhanging beveled surface 1'1'adapted to be snugly seated withinthe recess 8 of the plate 6', the-head 3being fiat and designed to liewith its fiat face flush with theupper surface of the plate 6'. The other parts of the structure seen inFigure 6 being identical in detail and function `with those .aboveldescribed require no further discussiom :f-.While "the parts indicatedby the referencenumeral2 have .been referred to as threads in view oftheir angularity and their resultant functioning at timesin a mannersomewhat similar to a screw thread of high pitch, the said parts areobviously ribs ywith valleys between, andthe parts are so proportionedthat the distance between balance of the structure shown in vFigure 7 nbeing identical with the details shown in Figures 1 and 2, the samedescription and reference numerals are applicable. The application ofthe structure seen in Figure 7 for attaching plates or sheets togetherfollows the same principle of operation as that of Figure 1, butinstead. of employing hammer blows for driving the pin to its lockingposition, it is forced into place by the employment of a screw-driverwhich is applied in the usual manner, except that maximum pressure isemployed for thrusting the pin longitudinaly while only slightlyrotat-mg the same.

Thus itbecome's apparent .that the securi ing means is a rivet-like pin,and at the same time is, in fact, a form of screw so that it may beproperly termed a driven screw whether driven by a screw driver -throughexcessive longitudinal pressure and slightl torsional pressure orthrough Adriving blows while dependingupon, the angularity of thethreads for causing the required angular movement.

By scientiically-conducted tests it has been proven that the present pinor driven screw has the same or greater capacity `for Securing metallicparts together as that of a rivet of equal size, and will resistseparation of such connected parts under the same or greater stresses.lIt has also been made apparent from carefully conducted experimentationthat stresses tending to separate metallic plates connected by theimproved driven screw herein disclosed ,cause the metal engaged byv thehardened threads to flow suiiciently to clog between the threads andthus resist withdrawal movement to the same or greater extent as theresistance of the head of a rivet.

It is not essential that the exact pitch of on the' other hand by beinghigh enough to permit the screwto be driven into an The pitch may beincreasedl or opening in metal of. a diameter substantially equal to thediameter of the body of the screw while the threads enter the metal Whatis claimed is vl. A fastener comprising a pin-like body havinghigh-pitched threads extending longitudinally on the body, and aninterlock formed on the body`of the pin and adapted to be engaged by thematerial caused to move by the action of the threads in reaching theirfinal position.

2. A fastener for metal work comprisin a pin having a head at oneterminus an a pilot at the opposite terminus, and being formed withhigh-pitched, hardened screw threads extending from the pilot to apin-like body the head, the diameter of the body of the pin measuredfrom one of the grooves between threads lto a diametrically oppositegroove being less than the diameter of the pilOt.

3. A fastener for metal work comprising a pin having a head at oneterminus, hardened, high-pitched'threadsl extending along and angularlyabout the body ofI the pin from the head toward the other terminusthereof and terminating short of the length of the pin, and means on thebody of the pin adjacent the ends of the threads for underlying. andinterlocking with metal caused to flow by the action of the threads inarriving at a seated position.

4. A metal fastener comprising a pin having a hardened threadterminating short of the enteringl end of the pin, and means at theterminus of the thread for underhanging and interlocking with metalcaused to flow by the action lof the thread.

5. A fastener for metal work comprising having hardened threads ofsufficient] high pitch to permit the-driving of the go of a transversearea less than a circle described about and touchin the exposed edges ofthe threads, and su ciently low to effect rotary movement of the bodyincident/ to the action of the threads engaging the metal when the bodyis being driven-into such opening, there being a sufficient number ofthreads to cause each cf the 1threads to occupy substantially as muchspace as the space between any two consecutive threads for causing aclogging action` between the threads by the metal engaged therebywhen-the pin is subjected to a withdrawing stress after being driven1nto such opening. y

6. A fastener for metal work comprising' dy into an opening in metal "apin-like body having hardened threads of sufficiently high pitch 'topermit the driving of the body into an opening in metal of a tnansversearea ess than a circle described about and touchino the exposed edges ofthe threads, and sufficiently low to effect rotary movement of the bodyincident to the action of the threads engaging the metal when the bodyis being driven into such opening,`there being a' suicient number ofthreads for causmg the spaces between the threads to be equalsubstantially to the spaces occupied b the threads.

7. A fastener for meta work comprising a pin-like body having a pilotatv one terminus and formed withv high-pitched hard- -ened threadsextending along the body, the

base of one of the grooves between threads to the base of adiametrically-opposite grloove being less than the diameter of the i ot.f

p 8. A fastener for metal work comprising a vpin having hardened threadsextending longitudinally thereof at such a high pitch as to enable thepin to' be driven into an opening in metal of less diameter than thegreatest distance between diametricallyopposite points on thev exposededges of the threads and sufliciently low to, cause the pin to moveangularly as the pin is being driven in, lthe threads being sulicient innumber to occupy spaces substantially equal to the spaces betweenthreads and being arranged sufficiently close to each other to causemetal flowing between the threads to wedge therebetween andlfrictionally resist withdrawal of the pin.

9. A fastener for metal work comprising a pin havin a substantiallycylindrica body and har ened threadsl extending along the pin and. ofsufficiently high pitch to allow thepin to be driven into an opening 1nmetal of substantially the same diameter. as

the body, a portion of the body extending beyond one terminus of thethreads for forming' a pilot.

10. A fastener comprising a pin-like body having a rib extending alongthe body, and a pilot at the entering end of thebody outstanding beyondthe base of the rib.

11. A fastener comprisin a pin-like body having ribs extending a ong thebody with valleys therebetween, .and a pilot at theentering end of thebody of greater diameter than the distance between the bases ofdiametrically opposite valleys.

in presence o two witnesses.

HEYMAN ROSENBERG.

Witnesses: v

CHARLES K. KRUPITZKY, C. G.W1LTSELEK.

In testimon wherof I aflix my signature

